Kopipes - *random stuffs from the web*

November 19, 2009

Scanner failure hp 6110 - Noise and stuck head

Q : I ran into a problem with the officejet 6110 all-in-one. I got a "scanner failure turn off and on" message on the printer screen, and it made an annoying stuck draging noise off and on, ticks.

Actually the scanner head didn't return to its place, remained stuck and made noises.

A1 : Well I did clean the top glass but it only worked fro a short time. Now, sometimes it is working and at other times it is not.

A2 : To fix it you have to clean the glass from the inside and reset the device by pressing the # button along with 6 button, and then plug the power cable in while pressing them.

First of all you should disconnect the printer from all cables.
Then remove the screws that hold the glass panel, remove the plastic panel that's over the buttons, then extract the keyboard from the inside by pressing the lock button thats on the bottom right of the keyboard, close to the center, while sliding the board to the left. you have to do this gently, because this board is attached to a ribbon that's attached to the head.
Then, by lifting the upper unit with the glass panel and releasing the spring that's on the left center you can reach the inside of the glass and clean it with a window cleaner using a dry clean cloth. assemble everything back and reset by pressing the pound and the 6 while plugging it back in, and It will work as good as new.

Good luck

A3 : Thanks to Silly Girl, I've got my HP6110 working again! Though to be honest, I almost gave up after trying out her suggestion by cleaning the glass and it did not work. I then removed the slider unit from the belt and realized that two of the mirrors were foggy. Again I cleaned them with a swab & windex, hooked them back up and... still the same problem. Luckily, I didn't give up. I took the whole thing apart again and this timecleaned the camera lens with a swab and it finally worked!!! So with Silly Girl's permission... if I may paraphrase her steps and add a couple to it in case people followed her steps and still did not work. 1. Disconnect the printer from all cables. 2. Remove all the screws that hold the glass panel (you do not need to remove the one screw that's on the left hand side, in the middle). 3. Remove the plastic panel that's over the buttons just by popping it up using a knife or something similar. 4. Extract the keyboard from the inside by unhooking the lock that's on the bottom right of the keyboard (close to the center)and slide the whole board to the left.
5. Then lift the upper unit with the glass panel and place it in the back standing up. 6. You can now reach the inside of the glass and clean it with a window cleaner using a dry clean cloth. 7. While you're at it, push that slider unit to the left and lift it out; the left side of the metal rod is not screwed in. 8. Remove the black slider unit by unhooking the belt from the slider unit and gently pull out the electrical harnest cable (you might want to mark one side with a permanent marker to remember which side when you re-attached the cable). 9. Gently and carefully pop open the cap on the bottom side. 10. Once it's opened, you'll see about 4 mirrors inside and a camera lens. Dip a couple of swabs in windex and GENTLY clean and dry all mirrors and camera lens. 11. Carefully re-install everything by retracing your steps. 12. Reset unit by pressing the # and the 6 keys together while plugging in the power. If you follow all the 12 steps, I guarantee the problem will be fixed and be just like new. Thanks again Silly Girl for the wonderful tip.

A4 : you must clean all the mirrors inside the scanner assembly (black box closed with two locks) also the lens and the delicate spaghetti-like lamp. Generally this works...

Source : http://www.fixya.com/support/t103792-scanner_failure_hp_6110_noise_stuck_head

Posted by Teguh Aditya

Comments [0]

November 16, 2009

Why doesn't Linux need defragmenting?

. . . That is a question that crops up with regularity on Linux forums when new users are unable to find the defrag tool on their shiny new desktop. Here's my attempt at giving a simple, non-technical answer as to why some filesystems suffer more from fragmenting than others.

Rather than simply stumble through lots of dry technical explanations, I'm opting to consider that an ASCII picture is worth a thousand words. Here, therefore, is the picture I shall be using to explain the whole thing:

a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z

a 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
b 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
d 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
e 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
f 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
g 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
h 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
i 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
j 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
k 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
l 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
m 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
n 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
p 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
q 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
r 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
s 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
t 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
u 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
v 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
w 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
x 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
y 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
z 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

This is a representation of a (very small) hard drive, as yet completely empty - Hence all the zeros. The a-z's at the top and the left side of the grid are used to locate each individual byte of data: The top left is aa, top right is za, and bottom left is az. You get the idea, I'm sure. . .

We shall begin with a simple filesystem of a sort that most users are familiar with: One that will need defragmenting occasionally. Such filesystems, which include FAT, remain important to both Windows and Linux users: if only for USB flash drives, FAT is still widely used - unfortunately, it suffers badly from fragmentation.

We add a file to our filesystem, and our hard drive now looks like this:

a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z

a T O C h e l l o . t x t a e l e 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
b 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
d 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 T O C
e H e l l o , _ w o r l d 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
f 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

(Empty rows g-z ommitted for clarity)

To explain what you see: The first four rows of the disk are given over for a "Table of contents", or TOC. This TOC stores the location of every file on the filesystem. In the above example, the TOC contains one file, named "hello.txt", and says that the contents of this file are to be found between ae and le. We look at these locations, and see that the file contents are "Hello, world"

So far so good? Now let's add another file:

a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z

a T O C h e l l o . t x t a e l e b y e . t x t m e z
b e 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
d 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 T O C
e H e l l o , _ w o r l d G o o d b y e , _ w o r l d
f 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

As you can see, the second file has been added immediately after the first one. The idea here is that if all your files are kept together, then accessing them will be quicker and easier: The slowest part of the hard drive is the stylus, the less it has to move, the quicker your read/write times will be.

The problem this causes can be seen when we decide to edit our first file. Let's say we want to add some exclamation marks so our "Hello" seems more enthusiastic. We now have a problem: There's no room for these exclamation marks on our filesystem: The "bye.txt" file is in the way. We now have only two options, neither is ideal:

We delete the file from its original position, and tack the new, bigger file on to the end of the second file - lots of reading and writing involved
We fragment the file, so that it exists in two places but there are no empty spaces - quick to do, but will slow down all subsequent file accesses.

To illustrate: Here is approach one

a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z

a T O C h e l l o . t x t a f n f b y e . t x t m e z
b e 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
d 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 T O C
e 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 G o o d b y e , _ w o r l d
f H e l l o , _ w o r l d ! ! 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

And here is approach two:

a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z

a T O C h e l l o . t x t a e l e a f b f b y e . t x
b t m e z e 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
d 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 T O C
e H e l l o , _ w o r l d G o o d b y e , _ w o r l d
f ! ! 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Approach two is why such filesystems need defragging regularly. All files are placed right next to each other, so any time a file is enlarged, it fragments. And if a file is reduced, it leaves a gap. Soon the hard drive becomes a mass of fragments and gaps, and performance starts to suffer.

Let's see what happens when we use a different philosophy. The first type of filesystem is ideal if you have a single user, accessing files in more-or-less the order they were created in, one after the other, with very few edits. Linux, however, was always intended as a multi-user system: It was gauranteed that you would have more than one user trying to access more than one file at the same time. So a different approach to storing files is needed. When we create "hello.txt" on a more Linux-focussed filesystem, it looks like this:

a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z

a T O C h e l l o . t x t h n s n 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
b 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
d 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 T O C
e 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
f 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
g 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
h 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
i 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
j 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
k 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
l 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
m 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
n 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 H e l l o , _ w o r l d 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
p 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
q 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
r 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
s 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
t 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
u 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
v 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
w 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
x 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
y 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
z 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

And then when another file is added:

a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z

a T O C h e l l o . t x t h n s n b y e . t x t d u q
b u 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
d 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 T O C
e 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
f 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
g 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
h 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
i 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
j 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
k 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
l 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
m 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
n 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 H e l l o , _ w o r l d 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
p 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
q 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
r 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
s 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
t 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
u 0 0 0 G o o d b y e , _ w o r l d 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
v 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
w 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
x 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
y 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
z 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

The cleverness of this approach is that the disk's stylus can sit in the middle, and most files, on average, will be fairly nearby: That's how averages work, after all.

Plus when we add our exclamation marks to this filesystem, observe how much trouble it causes:

a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z

a T O C h e l l o . t x t h n u n b y e . t x t d u q
b u 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
d 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 T O C
e 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
f 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
g 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
h 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
i 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
j 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
k 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
l 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
m 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
n 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 H e l l o , _ w o r l d ! ! 0 0 0 0 0
o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
p 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
q 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
r 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
s 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
t 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
u 0 0 0 G o o d b y e , _ w o r l d 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
v 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
w 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
x 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
y 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
z 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

That's right: Absolutely none.

The first filesystem tries to put all files as close to the start of the hard drive as it can, thus it constantly fragments files when they grow larger and there's no free space available.

The second scatters files all over the disk so there's plenty of free space if the file's size changes. It can also re-arrange files on-the-fly, since it has plenty of empty space to shuffle around. Defragging the first type of filesystem is a more intensive process and not really practical to run during normal use.

Fragmentation thus only becomes an issue on ths latter type of system when a disk is so full that there just aren't any gaps a large file can be put into without splitting it up. So long as the disk is less than about 80% full, this is unlikely to happen.

It is also worth knowing that even when an OS says a drive is completely defragmented, due to the nature of hard drive geometry, fragmentation may still be present: A typical hard drive actually has multiple disks, AKA platters, inside it.

Let's say that our example hard drive is actually on two platters, with aa to zm being the first and an to zz the second:

a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z

a 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
b 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
d 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
e 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
f 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
g 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
h 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
i 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
j 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
k 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
l 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
m 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z

n 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
p 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
q 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
r 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
s 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
t 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
u 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
v 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
w 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
x 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
y 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
z 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

The following file would be considered non-fragmented, because it goes from row m to row n, but this ignores the fact that the stylus will have to move from the very end of the platter to the very beginning in order to read this file.

a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z

a T O C h e l l o . t x t r m e n 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
b 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
d 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
e 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
f 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
g 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
h 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
i 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
j 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
k 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
l 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
m 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 H e l l o , _ w o

a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z

n r l d ! ! 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
p 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
q 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
r 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
s 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
t 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
u 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
v 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
w 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
x 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
y 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
z 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

I hope this has helped you to understand why some filesystems can suffer badly from fragmentation, whilst others barely suffer at all; and why no defragging software came with your Linux installation. If not, I'm always open to suggestions [Smiley]

You may also be interested in fighting fragmentation on Linux and why deleting just isn't enough.

Source : http://geekblog.oneandoneis2.org/index.php/2006/08/17/why_doesn_t_linux_need_defragmenting

Posted by Teguh Aditya

Comments [0]

November 14, 2009

How to install Evernote 3.0 on Ubuntu

Evernote allows you to easily capture information in any environment using whatever device or platform you find most convenient, and makes this information accessible and search able at anytime, from anywhere. With the new version of Evernote (still in beta) not only can one download the software but can also work online and later synchronize Of all the available notes solution available in the market, Evernote is one of the most desired software application for taking down notes, pictures, videos, etc. But the bad news for Linux/Ubuntu users is that Evernote installable is only available in Windows XP/Vista and Mac. There is no Linux support.

But using wine I was easily able to install Evernote on my Ubuntu. The steps are as follows:

If you do not have wine installed, you can get it with the following command:

> sudo apt-get install wine

Download the Windows installation executable of Evernote from the Evernote site (http://evernote.com/about/download/)

After wine is install, type the following command:

> wine location where the executable is downloaded

For example, in mine case:

> wine /home/abby/apps/Evernote_3.0.0.594.exe

The installation process starts which is similar similar to Windows.

Complete the installation steps and you will have Evernote installed on your Ubuntu. There shall be a icon to start Evernote on the desktop too after installation is complete.

Since Evernote is in Beta, to get the invitation one need to give there email id at this link (http://www.evernote.com/about/prereg/)and they shall send you the invitation to register. I have 18 invitations remaining. In case you need one, do let me know.

Now no reason to be sad since your favourite Evernote works with your favourite Ubuntu

Source : http://abbysays.wordpress.com/2008/05/24/how-to-install-evernote-30-on-ubuntu/

Posted by Teguh Aditya

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November 9, 2009

Router vs Switch vs Hub

You may hear the terms router, switch and hub used interchangeably. They look alike on the outside, but they’re very different on the inside. Hubs are dumb devices that simply repeat everything they hear. When one computer sends a signal to the hub, the hub sends the identical signal back out to all of the other ports on the hub.

Hubs enable computers on a network to communicate. Each computer plugs into the hub with an Ethernet cable, and information sent from one computer to another passes through the hub. A hub can’t identify the source or intended destination of the information it receives, so it sends the information to all of the computers connected to it, including the one that sent it.

A hub can send or receive information, but it can’t do both at the same time. This makes hubs slower than switches. Hubs are the least complex and the least expensive of these devices.

Switches work the same way as hubs, but they can identify the intended destination of the information that they receive, so they send that information to only the computers that are supposed to receive it. Switches can send and receive information at the same time, so they can send information faster than hubs can.

If your home network has four or more computers or you want to use your network for activities that require passing a lot of information between computers (such as playing network games or sharing music), you should probably use a switch instead of a hub. Switches cost a little more than hubs.

Switches are much more intelligent devices that analyze each packet coming in. The switch determines where the traffic needs to go and transmits it only on the port connected to the destination computer. This is a much more efficient use of the network’s bandwidth, and it also prevents unauthorized users from intercepting traffic on the network. Until recently, switches were much more expensive than hubs, but recent advances in switch technology have made hubs all but obsolete.

Routers enable computers to communicate and they can pass information between two networks—such as between your home network and the Internet. This capability to direct network traffic is what gives the router its name. Routers can be wired (using Ethernet cables) or wireless.

If you just want to connect your computers, hubs and switches work well; however, if you want to give all of your computers access to the Internet using one modem, use a router or a modem with a built-in router. Routers also typically provide built-in security, such as a firewall. Routers are more expensive than hubs and switches.

If you’re building a new LAN from scratch, an all-in-one unit that combines a router, Ethernet switch, and wireless access point is your best value. It is also the most compact and simplest to install, since all of the cables will connect to a single, centrally located unit.

http://helpdeskgeek.com/networking/router-vs-switch-vs-hub/

Posted by Teguh Aditya

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November 9, 2009

iPhone & iTouch backup

How to backup Contacts :

* Navigate to /private/var/mobile/Library/AddressBook
* There will be two files save them on your computer.

How to backup Calendar:

* Navigate to /private/var/mobile/Library/Calendar
* Copy Calendar.sqlitedb to your computer

How to backup Notes:

* Navigate to /private/var/mobile/Library/Notes
* Copy notes.db and notes.idx to your computer

http://www.kaskus.us/showpost.php?p=131341301&postcount=4128

Posted by Teguh Aditya

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November 9, 2009

How do I install Windows SharePoint Services?

A. Windows Server 2003 R2 has a built-in Windows SharePoint Services component that you can install using the Add/Remove Windows Components Control Panel applet. The component simplifies installation by automatically installing the OS components that SharePoint requires (Microsoft ASP.NET, Enabled network COM+ access, and IIS). In this exercise we'll install SharePoint on a pre-R2 system.

Log on to the Windows 2003 server as an Administrator.
Start the Add/Remove Windows Components Control Panel applet (Start, Settings, Control Panel, Add or Remove Programs, Add/Remove Windows Components).
Select Application Server and click Details.
Select ASP.NET (which automatically enables network COM+ access), select Internet Information Services (IIS), and click Details, as the figureshows.
Ensure that Common Files, Internet Information Services Manager, and World Wide Web Service are selected. Click OK.
Click Next to begin the installation, and click Finish after the components are installed. Download the Windows Sharepoint Services software from http://www.microsoft.com/windowsserver2003/technologies/sharepoint/default.mspx . At the time of this writing, the latest version (stsv2.exe ) includes Service Pack 2 (SP2). Execute the file to extract the SharePoint installation files. To only extract the files and not start the installation, use the /t /c switches with the following command:

C:\stsv2.exe /c /t:c:\wsssp2

SharePoint stores all its content in a Microsoft SQL database, which for Windows SharePoint Services can be Microsoft SQL Server Desktop Engine (MSDE) or, preferable, a full SQL Server 2005 or SQL Server 2000 installation (which uses Windows Integrated authentication mode). If you want to have SQL Server reside on a remote box, you need to initiate the installation of Windows SharePoint Services with the "remotesql=yes" switch. If SQL Server is installed locally, then this isn't required. To set up Windows SharePoint Services follow the steps below:

Start the installation from the extracted files with the following command: C:\wsssp2\SETUPSTS.EXE remotesql=yes
Check the "I accept the terms in the License Agreement" and click Next.
If SharePoint is running with the database on a single box, you can select Typical Installation; if the server will work with other SharePoint servers or with a separate server for the database (a back-end SQL datdabase), select Server Farm, as the figure shows. Click Next.

The installation screen will show the components to be installed. Click Install. After the installation finishes, the SharePoint administration Web site (http ://localhost:7048/configadminvs.aspx ) will display to let you select an application pool to use. The best practice is to use a new application pool for each Microsoft IIS virtual server, which ensures that each instance runs in a separate process but it does consume more memory. The Central Administration and regular SharePoint portal sites must run in separate pools. Each separate pool uses about 150MB of memory; additional portal sites in an existing pool use only an additional 15MB to 30MB. The Web site at http://www.microsoft.com/resources/documentation/wss/2/all/adminguide/en-us/stsf20.mspx?mfr=true has information about account types to use for SharePoint application pool owners. The recommendation is to use a domain account that can access back-end SQL databases to simplify the process. This domain account needs to be a Security Administrator and Database Creator on the SQL Server. To configure those roles, open the Microsoft Management Console (MMC) SQL Server Enterprise Management snap-in and select Microsoft SQL Servers, SQL Server Group, (local), Security, Logins, New Login. Select the domain account and click the Server Roles tab, to set the roles, as the

figure shows.

You should also select the security (NTLM or Kerberos) authentication type to use. If you select Kerberos, you need to take additional steps, which are described on the configuration Web page, which the figureshows. After you set all the options, click OK. You'll see a confirmation dialog box that tells you to run the iisreset command. Run iisreset, then click OK to the confirmation page.

You can now configure the database server. Enter the details for the SQL server (local or remote name) and a name for the database. Select "Use Windows authentication" and leave the default for Active Directory Account Creation, "Users already have domain accounts," which will stop new accounts from being created automatically, as the figure shows. Click OK.

At this point, the Windows SharePoint Services server will connect to the SQL Server machine and create the database and content per the supplied information. You'll now see the default Central Administration page http ://localhost:7048/default.aspx, which allows the creation of actual SharePoint sites and content for general user use.

http://windowsitpro.com/article/articleid/50154/how-do-i-install-windows-sharepoint-services.html

Posted by Teguh Aditya

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October 15, 2009

STOP: 0×000000ED and 0×0000007B error

Stop 0×000000ED (UNMOUNTABLE_BOOT_VOLUME)
Stop 0×0000007B (INACCESSIBLE_BOOT_DEVICE)

These two errors have similar causes and the same troubleshooting steps apply to both of them. These stop codes always occur during the startup process. When you encounter one of these stop codes, the following has happened:

The system has completed the Power-On Self-Test (POST).
The system has loaded NTLDR and transferred control of the startup process to NTOSKRNL (the kernel).
NTOSKRNL is confused. Either it cannot find the rest of itself, or it cannot read the file system at the location it believes it is stored.

When troubleshooting this error, your task is to find out why the Windows kernel is confused and fix the cause of the confusion.

Things to check:

The SATA controller configuration in the system BIOS If the SATA controller gets toggled from ATA to AHCI mode (or vice versa), then Windows will not be able to talk to the SATA controller because the different modes require different drivers. Try toggling the SATA controller mode in the BIOS.
RAID settings You may receive this error if you’ve been experimenting with the RAID controller settings. Try changing the RAID settings back to Autodetect (usually accurate).
Improperly or poorly seated cabling Try reseating the data cables that connect the drive and its controller at both ends.
Hard drive failure Run the built-in diagnostics on the hard drive. Remember: Code 7 signifies correctable data corruption, not disk failure.
File system corruption Launch the recovery console from the Windows installation disc and run chkdsk /f /r.
Improperly configured BOOT.INI (Windows XP). If you have inadvertently erased or tinkered with the boot.ini file, you may receive stop code 0×7B during the startup process. Launch the recovery console from the Windows installation disc and run BOOTCFG /REBUIL

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Teguh Aditya - http://card.ly/tguh

Posted by Teguh Aditya

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October 11, 2009

VMWare ESX and a VM stuck in an inconsistent state

Last week I managed to put a VM into a state where it thought it was on and yet the host thought it was off, presumably by asking for it to be reset at an inconvenient time.

I've managed to kill it today thanks to an article in the VMWare communities forums.

The key thing I gleaned from this post was the existence of the following command to get the VMID:

vm-support -x

Before running that however I ran vm-support -h and one of the options is:

-X <wid> grab debug info for a hung VM

So having run vm-support -x to get the VMID I ran the vm-support -X command. It asks a couple of questions:

Can I include a screenshot of the VM xxxx? [y/n]:
Can I send an NMI (non-maskable interrupt) to the VM xxxx? This might crash the VM, but could aid in debugging [y/n]:
Can I send an ABORT to the VM xxx? This will crash the VM, but could aid in debugging [y/n]:

The key thing here for me was question 3, because after about 5 minutes I got a notification from VirtualCentre that the VM had been switched off.

Source : http://sisutcliffe.posterous.com/vmware-esx-and-a-vm-stuck-in-an-inconsistent

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Teguh Aditya - http://card.ly/tguh

Posted by Teguh Aditya

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September 2, 2009

MP3 Alarm Clock - Scheduled Task with Playlist

So, this post just goes to show that sometimes I have delicious ideas. I mean, good ideas.

Of course I’m sure I’m not the only one to have thought of this XD

Anyways, here’s a little tut on how to turn your computer into an alarm clock that will play your music, and even shuffle it (if your player is set to shuffle…) Best of all…you don’t need to download anything, WHOOOHOO. (Unless you wanna download some songs for your new alarm clock. xD)

So, you’ll need/use: Some music, windows media player, windows scheduled tasks manager, a brain, a time to set the alarm to…

Well ANYWAYS, First you’ll want to build your playlist in Windows Media Player (I have the latest* version as of this post but I’m guessing older/newer versions will still work. *Might not be the latest anymore xD).

Start a new playlist. I should hope you know how to do this. XD Stick all the songs you want in there. Put ‘em in order and turn off shuffle if you wanna be woken by the same sequence of songs every time it plays.

Cool, you got that done? Now you need to save said playlist (save as…). I created a new folder for it, ’cause I’m a neat freak (but you should see my room XD). Name it something SIMPLE. No spaces, or special characters. ’cause we want it simple. Save it as an M3U file!! It’s in the dropdown box when you go to save it.

Now then, here’s a more technical part. But not by much. If you’ve gotten this far I’m sure it won’t be too difficult for you ;P

You’ll need to create a ‘batch’ file. It’ll be the file that plays your playlist.

So open notepad. All you need to do is type in “start [playlisthere.m3u]” without the quotation marks, and replacing all of [playlisthere.m3u] with the name of your playlist. e.g. if I named mine alarm.m3u then I’d put alarm.m3u right after the word start. “start alarm.m3u”

Sooo easy. Now, save that notepad file as “alarm.bat” in the same folder/place as your m3u playlist.

Yay, you did it. Just a few more steps. I made it seem more than it really is with all my talking. Anyways.

Go to your Control Panel. If it’s not in classic view, I can’t tell you exactly where to find it, but, find the ‘Scheduled Tasks’ icon. Click it. It should open a folder that might have various other scheduled tasks in it. (I totally deleted some of the annoying ones xD)

At the very top of the list it should say “Create new task…” or something like that. Double click, and you’ll get a Scheduled Task Wizard. When you get to the part about what program to run, click the “Browse…” button and find your alarm.bat file. Select it and continue through the wizard, setting the time’s and stuff.

When you’re done, you should have a new scheduled task, and your computer will play the musical alarm at whatever time you set! (Provided that your computer is on, of course.)

Bonusss – If you want to test to see if it works, just right click the task and choose ‘run’. It should popup a command prompt and then run windows media player to play your playlist. If Windows Media Player is set to shuffle, it will shuffle the playlist !

Congrats, and have fun XD; Tell me if I messed anything up anywhere XD;;

Posted by Teguh Aditya

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September 2, 2009

Create an MP3 Alarm Clock

Why wake up to the annoying buzzer of your alarm clock, when you can let your computer play one of your favourite songs in the morning? This is how you do it:

Start the Scheduled Tasks program. (Start button -> All Programs -> Accessories -> System Tools -> Scheduled Tasks)
Drag and drop an MP3 file (or a WinAmp play list, if you have WinAmp) onto the Scheduled Tasks program. Note that you need not have WinAmp to do this, as Windows simply runs whichever program is associated with MP3 files, which is Windows Media Player, by default.
You now have a new task scheduled. Set the scheduling times of this task by right-clicking on it and selecting 'Properties'. Note: You may have to give the password for the user who the task will be played under.

That's it!

Note: Since you will likely wish to test this before relying on it to wake you up, you will notice that the default scheduling will start one day after the day you create the task. So, if you want to test it out immediately, you need to schedule it to start a day earlier.

Don't forget to leave your volume up when you go to sleep. Also, if you leave programs running that constantly make annoying sounds, like MSN Messenger, you may wish to turn these sounds off, so they do not bother you while you attempt to sleep.

Posted by Teguh Aditya

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